-
1 conclusio
conclūsĭo, ōnis, f. [st2]1 [-] action de fermer, action d'enfermer, investissement, blocus, siège. [st2]2 [-] clôture, enceinte. [st2]3 [-] terme, fin. [st2]4 [-] conclusion d'un discours, péroraison. [st2]5 [-] période oratoire. [st2]6 [-] rythme, cadence. [st2]7 [-] conclusion, dernier terme d'un syllogisme; raisonnement. - ex diutina conclusione, Caes. BC. 2, 22, 1: à la suite d'un long blocus. - conclusionem orationis, Cic.: péroraison.* * *conclūsĭo, ōnis, f. [st2]1 [-] action de fermer, action d'enfermer, investissement, blocus, siège. [st2]2 [-] clôture, enceinte. [st2]3 [-] terme, fin. [st2]4 [-] conclusion d'un discours, péroraison. [st2]5 [-] période oratoire. [st2]6 [-] rythme, cadence. [st2]7 [-] conclusion, dernier terme d'un syllogisme; raisonnement. - ex diutina conclusione, Caes. BC. 2, 22, 1: à la suite d'un long blocus. - conclusionem orationis, Cic.: péroraison.* * *Conclusio, Verbale. Finis et perfectio. Conclusion.\Extrema pars et conclusio muneris et negotii. Cic. La closture et dernier acte de sa charge. -
2 conclūsiō
conclūsiō ōnis [concludo], a shutting up, shutting in, siege, blockade: diutina, Cs.: in hac conclusione, during this siege, N.—Fig., a conclusion, end: muneris. — In discourse, a conclusion, close, peroration: orationis. — A period, complete sentence: verborum. — A conclusion, inference: mea: rationis.* * *rounded arrangement of sentence; peroration, logical conclusion; deduction; state of siege; enclosing (area); fastening in position; conclusion, finish -
3 connexio
conexio (connexio), conexiōnis, f. [st2]1 [-] action de lier, liaison, réunion, enchaînement. [st2]2 [-] conclusion (d'un syllogisme). [st2]3 [-] syllabe. - erit prima intentio, secunda assumptio, tertia conexio, Quint. 5, 14, 6: il y aura en premier lieu la majeure, en deuxième lieu la mineure et en troisième lieu la conclusion.* * *conexio (connexio), conexiōnis, f. [st2]1 [-] action de lier, liaison, réunion, enchaînement. [st2]2 [-] conclusion (d'un syllogisme). [st2]3 [-] syllabe. - erit prima intentio, secunda assumptio, tertia conexio, Quint. 5, 14, 6: il y aura en premier lieu la majeure, en deuxième lieu la mineure et en troisième lieu la conclusion.* * *Connexio, Verbale, Ipse connectendi actus. Liaison, Connexion. -
4 exitus
[st1]1 [-] exitus, a, um: part. passé de exeo. - exita aetas, Fest.: déclin de l'âge. [st1]2 [-] exitŭs, ūs, m.: - [abcl][b]a - action de sortir, sortie; chemin pour sortir, issue. - [abcl]b - mort, fin. - [abcl]c - issue, conclusion, événement, résultat, aboutissement, fin, conclusion, terme, but, effet. - [abcl]d - désinence, terminaison (t. de gram).[/b]* * *[st1]1 [-] exitus, a, um: part. passé de exeo. - exita aetas, Fest.: déclin de l'âge. [st1]2 [-] exitŭs, ūs, m.: - [abcl][b]a - action de sortir, sortie; chemin pour sortir, issue. - [abcl]b - mort, fin. - [abcl]c - issue, conclusion, événement, résultat, aboutissement, fin, conclusion, terme, but, effet. - [abcl]d - désinence, terminaison (t. de gram).[/b]* * *Exitus, pen. corr. Aliud participium, apud antiquos. vnde apud Festum, Ad exitam aetatem. L'aage derniere.\Exitus, huius exitus, pen. corr. Issue, Sortie, Fin, Bout.\Exitus anni. Liuius. La fin de l'annee.\Excitus orationis. Caes. La fin d'un propos.\Exitus principio simillimus. Cic. L'issue toute semblable au commencement.\Ad exitum. Cicero. Sur la fin.\Secundi exitus. Horat. Bonne et heureuse fin.\Tristes exitus. Cicero. Piteuse fin.\Exitus accessit verbis. Ouid. Il est advenu ainsi qu'il avoit predict.\Ad exitum adducere aliquid. Cic. Parfaire.\Contigit exitus quem optamus. Cicero. La fin a esté telle que nous desirons.\Ad bonos exitus vota ducit Liber. Horat. Meine à bonne fin, Donne bonne issue.\Praestare exitu pollicita. Plancus Senatui. Faire en la fin ce qu'on a promis.\Exitus sequitur verba. Ouid. La fin est telle qu'on avoit dict.\In vnum exitum spectare. Cic. Regarder et considerer la fin.\In exitu est iam meus Consulatus. Cic. Est à bout.\Exitus alueorum. Plin. Les trous ou pertuis. -
5 ac
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).I.In joining single words, which is its most common use.A.In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)1.The form atque.a.Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):b.sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):2.Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):B.sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—Esp.a.In a hendiadys:b.utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).(α).Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:(β).Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—With adeo, and that too, and even:(γ).intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—With etiam:(δ).id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—With the dem. pron. hic, is:II.negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—In comparisons.A.Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:B.si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:C.illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;D.once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;E.in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):F.nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:G.amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:III.principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.a.Absol.:b.Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—With potius:IV.Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —In connecting clauses and beginning periods.1.In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:2.atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.a.Absol.:b.maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —Often with etiam:c.Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—Sometimes with quoque:d.Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—3.In narration:4.aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):5.Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—In connecting two acts or events.a.In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;b. (α).ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—Absol.:(β).si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—With ita or sic:c.Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):6.non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:7.Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—In expressing a wish, atque utinam:8.Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.a.Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;b.atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—With tamen:9.nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;10.... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).a.A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:b.Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—A positive purpose:11.Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:b.atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—In introducing parentheses:c.vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:V.Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—In particular connections and phrases.A.Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:B.unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—Etiam atque etiam. again and again:C.temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—D.Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:E.atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:F.Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—With other conjunctions.1.After et:2.equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:3.submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—Before et:4.caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):G.nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:a.In the second place:b.Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—In the third place:quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.) -
6 adque
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).I.In joining single words, which is its most common use.A.In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)1.The form atque.a.Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):b.sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):2.Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):B.sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—Esp.a.In a hendiadys:b.utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).(α).Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:(β).Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—With adeo, and that too, and even:(γ).intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—With etiam:(δ).id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—With the dem. pron. hic, is:II.negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—In comparisons.A.Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:B.si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:C.illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;D.once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;E.in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):F.nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:G.amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:III.principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.a.Absol.:b.Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—With potius:IV.Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —In connecting clauses and beginning periods.1.In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:2.atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.a.Absol.:b.maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —Often with etiam:c.Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—Sometimes with quoque:d.Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—3.In narration:4.aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):5.Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—In connecting two acts or events.a.In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;b. (α).ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—Absol.:(β).si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—With ita or sic:c.Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):6.non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:7.Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—In expressing a wish, atque utinam:8.Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.a.Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;b.atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—With tamen:9.nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;10.... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).a.A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:b.Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—A positive purpose:11.Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:b.atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—In introducing parentheses:c.vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:V.Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—In particular connections and phrases.A.Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:B.unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—Etiam atque etiam. again and again:C.temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—D.Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:E.atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:F.Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—With other conjunctions.1.After et:2.equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:3.submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—Before et:4.caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):G.nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:a.In the second place:b.Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—In the third place:quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.) -
7 atque
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).I.In joining single words, which is its most common use.A.In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)1.The form atque.a.Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):b.sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):2.Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):B.sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—Esp.a.In a hendiadys:b.utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).(α).Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:(β).Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—With adeo, and that too, and even:(γ).intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—With etiam:(δ).id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—With the dem. pron. hic, is:II.negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—In comparisons.A.Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:B.si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:C.illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;D.once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;E.in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):F.nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:G.amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:III.principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.a.Absol.:b.Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—With potius:IV.Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —In connecting clauses and beginning periods.1.In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:2.atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.a.Absol.:b.maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —Often with etiam:c.Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—Sometimes with quoque:d.Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—3.In narration:4.aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):5.Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—In connecting two acts or events.a.In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;b. (α).ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—Absol.:(β).si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—With ita or sic:c.Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):6.non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:7.Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—In expressing a wish, atque utinam:8.Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.a.Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;b.atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—With tamen:9.nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;10.... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).a.A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:b.Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—A positive purpose:11.Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:b.atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—In introducing parentheses:c.vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:V.Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—In particular connections and phrases.A.Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:B.unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—Etiam atque etiam. again and again:C.temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—D.Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:E.atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:F.Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—With other conjunctions.1.After et:2.equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:3.submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—Before et:4.caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):G.nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:a.In the second place:b.Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—In the third place:quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.) -
8 clausula
clausŭla, ae, f. [st2]1 [-] fin, bout, extrémité, issue, terme, conclusion. [st2]2 [-] clause, article d'une loi. [st2]3 [-] fin d'une période, chute d'une période, clausule, trait final; désinence. - clausula mimi, Cic.: dénouement d'une pièce.* * *clausŭla, ae, f. [st2]1 [-] fin, bout, extrémité, issue, terme, conclusion. [st2]2 [-] clause, article d'une loi. [st2]3 [-] fin d'une période, chute d'une période, clausule, trait final; désinence. - clausula mimi, Cic.: dénouement d'une pièce.* * *Clausula, pen. corr. Plin. Ce qui clost, Le bout, La fin.\Imponere clausulam vitae. Seneca. Mettre fin à la vie.\Clausula. Quintil. Conclusion.\Clausula epistolae. Cic. La fin et closture, ou derniere clause de l'epistre.\Vtar ea clausula qua soleo. Cic. Je fineray ma lettre par le propos que j'ay accoustumé.\Imponere clausulam disputationi. Columel. Mettre fin.\Clausula edicti. Cic. Un article, Une clause.\Clausula fabulae, pro Exitu. Cic. L'issue.\Difficilis clausula. Cic. La difficulté sera à la queue, La queue sera difficile à escorcer. -
9 epilogus
-
10 peroratio
-
11 summa
[st1]1 [-] summa, ae, f.: - [abcl][b]a - le point le plus haut, le rang le plus élevé. - [abcl]b - la partie principale, l'essentiel, l'important, le point capital. - [abcl]c - la somme, le total, la totalité, le tout. - [abcl]d - Liv. sommaire, abrégé. - [abcl]e - Lucr. l'univers, le monde. - [abcl]f - somme, prix.[/b] - rei summam dicere: dire l'essentiel d'un fait. - summam facere (subducere), Cic.: faire le total. - summa (summarum), Lucr.: le grand tout, l'univers. - summa (omnium) rerum, Cic. Caes.: le principal (ou le total) des intérêts en jeu, la situation générale. - summa ratiōnis, Cic.: conclusion d'un raisonnement. - alter libere ad summam rerum consulere debet, Caes. 3, 51, 4: l'autre doit décider librement en fonction de la situation générale. - ad summam (in summâ, in omni summâ): au total, en tout, en somme, en définitive, bref, en un mot, en résumé. - pertinere ad summam, Liv.: contribuer au résultat général. - ad summam nihil proficere, Cic.: n'amener aucun résultat. - ex hac licentia summa cogitur ut... Cic.: cette licence a pour effet définitif de... - summa belli: la conduite générale de la guerre. - summa rei, Cic.: le point essentiel. - summa est in testibus, Cic.: tout dépend des témoins. - de summa rerum decernere, Liv.: risquer une action décisive. - summa exercitus, Caes.: le gros de l'armée. - summa imperii: le commandement suprême de l'empire, la direction de tout l'empire. - summae rerum et imperii se ipsum reservare, Tac. Hist. 3: se réserver pour le commandement suprême des opérations militaires et la direction de tout l'empire. - summa est, si..., Cic.: la grande affaire, c'est que... - quācumque summā, Phaedr.: à tout prix. - summa pecuniae, Caes.: somme d'argent. - hac summa redempti, Liv.: rachetés à ce prix. [st1]2 [-] summa, ōrum, n. plur. de summum.* * *[st1]1 [-] summa, ae, f.: - [abcl][b]a - le point le plus haut, le rang le plus élevé. - [abcl]b - la partie principale, l'essentiel, l'important, le point capital. - [abcl]c - la somme, le total, la totalité, le tout. - [abcl]d - Liv. sommaire, abrégé. - [abcl]e - Lucr. l'univers, le monde. - [abcl]f - somme, prix.[/b] - rei summam dicere: dire l'essentiel d'un fait. - summam facere (subducere), Cic.: faire le total. - summa (summarum), Lucr.: le grand tout, l'univers. - summa (omnium) rerum, Cic. Caes.: le principal (ou le total) des intérêts en jeu, la situation générale. - summa ratiōnis, Cic.: conclusion d'un raisonnement. - alter libere ad summam rerum consulere debet, Caes. 3, 51, 4: l'autre doit décider librement en fonction de la situation générale. - ad summam (in summâ, in omni summâ): au total, en tout, en somme, en définitive, bref, en un mot, en résumé. - pertinere ad summam, Liv.: contribuer au résultat général. - ad summam nihil proficere, Cic.: n'amener aucun résultat. - ex hac licentia summa cogitur ut... Cic.: cette licence a pour effet définitif de... - summa belli: la conduite générale de la guerre. - summa rei, Cic.: le point essentiel. - summa est in testibus, Cic.: tout dépend des témoins. - de summa rerum decernere, Liv.: risquer une action décisive. - summa exercitus, Caes.: le gros de l'armée. - summa imperii: le commandement suprême de l'empire, la direction de tout l'empire. - summae rerum et imperii se ipsum reservare, Tac. Hist. 3: se réserver pour le commandement suprême des opérations militaires et la direction de tout l'empire. - summa est, si..., Cic.: la grande affaire, c'est que... - quācumque summā, Phaedr.: à tout prix. - summa pecuniae, Caes.: somme d'argent. - hac summa redempti, Liv.: rachetés à ce prix. [st1]2 [-] summa, ōrum, n. plur. de summum.* * *Summa, sumae. Virg. Le sommaire, ou la somme et l'abbregé de quelque chose que ce soit.\Belli summam credere puero. Virgil. Commettre la principale et totale charge de la guerre à un enfant, La totalité.\Summam promissi sui complere. Cicero. Achever de parfournir sa promesse.\Ad te summa solum Phormio rerum redit. Terent. Tout le neud de la besongne est en tes mains, et gist en toy, Tout cherra sur toy. Bud.\Victoriae summa in eo constat. Caesar. Le neud et principal poinct de la victoire gist en cela.\Ad summam pertinet. Quintil. Cela sert à parvenir à ce qu'on pretend.\In summam proficit. Quintil. Cela aide pour parachever l'entreprinse commencee.\Summa illa sit: quicquid officii, etc. Cic. Pour conclusion, Pour le faire court, et dire en peu de langage, Pour parler sommairement.\Summa fuit, vt ille quasi exitum quaerens, etc. Cic. Le sommaire de nostre affaire fut que, etc.\Summa est in testibus. Cic. Tout le principal de l'affaire gist és tesmoings.\Quum in eo summa consisteret. Ci. Veu que le neud et principal poinct consistoit et gisoit en cela.\Summa est in quo mihi gratissimum facere possis, Si curaris vt, etc. Cic. Le tout en quoy tu, etc.\Summa pecuniae. Cic. Somme d'argent.\Quae summa quadringenties sestertium colligebat. Plin. La somme totale estoit de, etc.\Conficere summam. Cic. Sommer.\Congruunt cum summa. Cic. Se rapportent à la somme.\Detrahere de summa. Cic. Rabbatre de la somme et diminuer.\Facere summam. Cic. Assommer, Sommer, Amasser plusieurs sommes en une. C'est aussi Taxer.\Subducamus summam. Cic. Sommons, Assommons.\In omni summa, me ad otium conuerto. Cicero. Somme toute, ou totale. \ In summa. Cic. En somme.\Ad summam. Cic. Somme toute, ou A brief parler, Pour abbreger, Pour le faire court.\Summa summarum. Seneca. Somme toute.\Summa. Quintil. Consommation, Achevement, Accomplissement. -
12 conclusio
conclūsĭo, ōnis, f. [concludo].I.A shutting up, closing (rare, not in Cic.).A.Abstr.:2.palpebrarum,
Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 3 and 10.—In milit. lang., a hostile shutting in, a siege, blockade:* B.diutina,
Caes. B. C. 2, 22; so Nep. Eum. 5, 7.—In plur., Vitr. 5, 9 fin. —Concr.:II.portuum,
an enclosure, Vitr. 5, 12.—(Acc. to concludo, II. B. and D.; freq. in Cic. and Quint.) A conclusion, end:B.in extremā parte et conclusione muneris ac negotii,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16, § 46.—The conclusion of a discourse, peroration:C.conclusio est exitus et determinatio totius orationis,
Cic. Inv. 1, 52, 98:tum autem alii conclusionem orationis et quasi perorationem collocant,
id. de Or. 2, 19, 80; Auct. Her. 2, 30, 47; cf.:perorationem conclusionem alii vocant,
Quint. 6, 1, 1; cf. also id. 8, 5, 13.—In rhet. lang., a period, Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 34; 3, 44, 174; id. Brut. 8, 33; id. Or. 50, 169; 51 init.; Quint. 9, 4, 22; 9, 4, 57; 9, 4, 123 et saep.—D.In philos., the conclusion in a syllogism, the consequence:conclusio est, quae brevi argumentatione ex eis, quae ante dicta sunt aut facta, conficit, quid necessario consequatur,
Auct. Her. 4, 30, 41; Cic. Inv. 1, 29, 44 and 45; id. Div. 2, 49, 103; Quint. 5, 14, 1; 5, 14, 20; 7, 3, 14; 5, 10, 2; 5, 10, 7; 9, 3, 98 Cornif.; Gell. 2, 8, 8. -
13 sei
sī (orig. and ante-class. form seī), conj. [from a pronominal stem = Gr. he; Sanscr. sva-, self; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 778; Curt. Gr. Etym. 396], a conditional particle, if.I.Prop.a.With indic.; so in gen., in conditions which are assumed to be true, with the verb in pres. or perf.; less freq. in imperf or pluperf.; and in conditions which may probably become true, with the verb in fut. or fut. perf. (Madv. Gram. § 332; Zumpt, Gram. § 517).(α).Pres.: SI IN IVS VOCAT, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 25, and ap. Porphyr. Hor. S. 1, 9, 65: SI MORBVS AEVITASVE VITIVM ESCIT... SI NOLET, etc., id. ap. Gell. l. l.: spero, si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):(β).si vis, dabo tibi testes,
Cic. Rep. 1, 37, 58:si voltis,
id. ib. 1, 28, 44:si placet,
id. ib. 2, 44, 71;1, 21, 34: si tuo commodo fleri potest,
id. ib. 1, 9, 14:si studia Graecorum vos tanto opere delectant,
id. ib. 1, 18, 30:si populus plurimum potest,
id. ib. 3, 14, 23:si Massilienses per delectos cives summā justitiā reguntur, inest tamen, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 27, 43; cf. id. Off. 3, 8, 35:quid est, Catilina, quod jam amplius exspectes, si nec privata domus continere voces conjurationis tuae potest? si illustrantur, si erumpunt omnia?
id. Cat. 1, 3, 6:si pudor quaeritur, si probitas, si fides, Mancinus haec attulit,
id. Rep. 3, 18, 28:Si quaerimus, cur, etc.,
id. Brut. 95, 325. —Strengthened by modo:magnifica quidem res, si modo est ulla,
Cic. Div. 1, 1, 1:deliget populus, si modo salvus esse vult, optimum quemque,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:quae (virtus) est una, si modo est, maxime munifica,
id. ib. 3, 8, 12; id. Tusc. 2, 4, 33; id. de Or. 2, 43, 182:si quisquam est facilis, hic est,
id. Att. 14, 1, 2:si ulla res est, quam tibi me petente faciendam putes, haec ea sit,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 11:SI AGNATVS NEC ESCIT, GENTILIS FAMILIAM NANCITOR, Fragm. XII. Tab. in Collat. Leg. Mos. et Rom. 16, 4: quae (libertas), si aequa non est, ne libertas quidem est,
Cic. Rep. 1, 31, 47; 1, 32, 49:id si minus intellegitur, ex dissensionibus percipi potest,
id. Lael. 7, 23: BACANALIA SEI QVA SVNT, EXSTRAD QVAM SEI QVID IBEI SACRI EST... FACIATIS VTEI DISMOTA SIENT, S. C. de Bacch. fin.:dicito, si quid vis, non nocebo,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 235:si qui sunt, qui philosophorum auctoritate moveantur,
Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:si quid generis istiusmodi me delectat, pictura delectat,
id. Fam. 7, 23, 3:si aliquid dandum est voluptati,
id. Sen. 13, 44;four times repeated,
id. ib. 11, 38.—So esp. after mirum est or miror, as expressing reality (= quod or cum; cf. Gr. ei):noli mirari, si hoc non impetras,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 29:ecquid mirum est, si tam ab amico animo pacem petit? Curt 4, 11, 4: miraris, si superbiam tuam ferre non possumus?
id. 8, 7, 14.—With a negative conclusion, to denote that, although the condition is true, or is conceded, a certain inference does not follow: nec, si omne enuntiatum aut verum aut falsum est, sequitur ilico esse causas, etc.,
Cic. Fat. 12, 28:nec. si non obstatur, propterea etiam permittitur,
id. Phil. 13, 6, 19:si veniam meretur qui inprudens nocuit, non meretur praemium qui inprudens profuit,
Quint. 5, 10, 73:nec ideo ignis minus urere potest, si in materiam incidit inviolabilem flammis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 5, 1.—Imperf.:(γ).ea si erant, magnas habebas omnibus, dis gratias,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 17; Cic. Rep. 1, 27, 43:si quis antea mirabatur, quid esset, quod, etc.,
id. Sest. 1.—Perf.:(δ).SI MEMBRVM RVPIT NI CVM EO PACIT TALIO ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Fest. s. v. talio, p. 363 Müll.: si animum contulisti in istam rationem, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 23, 37:si Roma condita est secundo anno Olympiadis septimae, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 10, 18:quos (tyrannos) si boni oppresserunt, recreatur civitas: sin audaces, fit illa factio,
id. ib. 1, 44, 68; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 65:si ita sensit, ut loquitur,
id. ib. 3, 21, 32;1, 27, 43: si modo hoc in Lycurgi potestate potuit esse,
id. ib. 2, 12, 24:si modo in philosophiā aliquid profecimus,
id. Off. 3, 8, 37: si quis eorum [p. 1689] (servorum) sub centone crepuit, nullum mihi vitium facit, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 sq. Müll.:si quid sceleste fecit,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 27:si quam opinionem jam vestris mentibus comprehendistis, etc.,
Cic. Clu. 2, 6:si quando regi justo vim populus attulit regnove eum spoliavit, etc.,
id. Rep. 1, 42, 65; cf. id. ib. 1, 38, 59; id. Lael. 7, 24.—After mirum est or miror, to express a reality (cf. a, supra):minime mirum, si ista res adhuc nostrā linguā inlustrata non est,
Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 55; id. Deiot. 4, 12:quid mirum, si haec invitus amisi?
Tac. A. 12, 37:miraris, si eo tempore matrona dicere potuit, escende?
Sen. Contr. 2, 13, 1:minime est mirandum, si vita ejus fuit secura,
Nep. Cim. 4, 4.—Very often followed by certe, profecto, etc., to express a conclusion, as certain as the unquestionable assumption:quod si fuit in re publicā tempus ullum, cum, etc., tum profecto fuit,
Cic. Brut. 2, 7:si quisquam fuit umquam remotus ab inani laude, ego profecto is sum,
id. Fam. 15, 4, 13:etenim si nulla fuit umquam tam imbecillo mulier animo, quae, etc., certe nos, etc.,
id. Fam. 5, 16, 6:si umquam in dicendo fuimus aliquid, tum profecto, etc.,
id. Att. 4, 2, 2; id. Mil. 2, 4; 7, 19.—Esp. with a negative conclusion (v. a fin. supra, and cf. quia, etsi):non, si tibi ante profuit, semper proderit,
Cic. Phil. 8, 4, 12:non, si Opimium defendisti, idcirco te isti bonum civem putabunt,
id. de Or. 2, 40, 170:neque enim, si tuae res gestae ceterorum laudibus obscuritatem attulerunt, idcirco Pompeii memoriam amisimus,
id. Deiot. 4, 12:nec, si capitis dolorem facit, inutilis hominibus sol est,
Quint. 5, 10, 82.—Pluperf.: si improbum Cresphontem existimaveras, etc., Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:(ε).nec mirum, eos si orationes turbaverant,
Liv. 32, 20, 2 (Trag. v. 156 Vahl.):si hoc ita fato datum erat, ut,
Liv. 30, 30, 3.—So esp. in indef. clauses of repeated action:plausum si quis eorum aliquando acceperat, ne quid peccasset pertimescebat,
whenever, Cic. Sest. 49, 105:si quando nostri navem religaverant, hostes succurrebant,
Caes. B. C. 2, 6:si quando suis fortunis forte desperare coeperant,
id. B. G. 3, 12.—Fut.: SI VOLET SVO VIVITO... SI VOLET PLVS DATO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; cf.: si voles advortere animum, comiter monstrabitur, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.); and:(ζ).alte spectare si voles, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 6, 23, 25:si jam eminebit foras,
id. ib. 6, 26, 29:si me audietis,
id. ib. 1, 19, 32:si mutuas non potero certum est sumam fenore,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 95:id persequar, si potero, subtilius,
Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 42; cf. in the foll. z:nihil (offendet) si modo opus exstabit,
id. ib. 5, 3, 5:si quid te volam, ubi eris?
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 96: si quod aliud oikeion reperies, Cic. Att. 1, 10, 3.—Fut. perf.: si te hic offendero, moriere, Enn. ap. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1 (Trag. v. 301 Vahl.):b.si nostram rem publicam vobis et nascentem et crescentem ostendero,
Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 3:tum magis assentiere, si ad majora pervenero,
id. ib. 1, 40, 62:expediri quae restant vix poterunt, si hoc incohatum reliqueris,
id. ib. 1, 35, 55;1, 24, 38: pergratum mihi feceris, si de amicitiā disputaris,
id. Lael. 4, 16:accommodabo ad eam (rem publicam), si potuero, omnem illam orationem, etc.... quod si tenere et consequi potuero, etc.,
id. Rep. 1, 46, 70; so,si potuero,
id. ib. 2, 30, 53; id. Brut. 5, 21:si potuerit,
id. Off. 3, 23, 89:si modo id exprimere Latine potuero,
id. Rep. 1, 43, 66:si modo interpretari potuero,
id. Leg. 2, 18, 45:si ne ei caput exoculassitis,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 26: si quid vos per laborem recte feceritis... Sed si quā per voluptatem nequiter feceritis, etc., Cato ap. Gell. 16, 1, 4:de iis te, si qui me forte locus admonuerit, commonebo,
Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—With subj.; so in gen. of conditions assumed in statement, but implied not to be actual; the verb in pres. (rarely perf.) implies that the condition is still possible; in the imperf. and pluperf., that it is known to be unreal (Madv. Gram. § 347 sqq.; Zumpt, Gram. § 524).(α).Pres.:(β).si habeat aurum,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 12:abire hinc nullo pacto possim, si velim,
id. ib. 2, 2, 2; so,si velim,
Cic. Rep. 3, 10, 17:cum ipsi auxilium ferre, si cupiant, non queant,
id. ib. 1, 5, 9:si singulos numeremus,
id. ib. 3, 4, 7: si jus suum populi teneant, id. ib. 1, 32, 48:si Scipionis desiderio me moveri negem,
id. Lael. 3, 10:si ad verba rem deflectere velimus,
id. Caecin. 18, 51:si quis varias gentes despicere possit, videat primum, etc.,
id. Rep. 3, 9, 14.—In expressing a wish ( poet. for utinam), usu. with O:O si angulus ille accedat, qui, etc.,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 8; 2, 6, 10:O mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos,
Verg. A. 8, 560;also alone: si nunc se nobis ille aureus arbore ramus Ostendat nemore in tanto!
would that, yet if, if however, id. ib. 6, 187:si quā fata aspera rumpas, Tu Marcellus eris,
id. ib. 6, 882; cf. b, infra.—Imperf.:(γ).qui si unus omnia consequi posset, nihil opus esset pluribus, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 52:quae descriptio si esset ignota vobis, explicaretur a me,
id. ib. 2, 22, 39:si ullum probarem simplex rei publicae genus,
id. ib. 2, 23, 43:quod non fecissent profecto, si nihil ad eos pertinere arbitrarentur,
id. Lael. 4, 13; cf. id. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 133; v. Zumpt, Gram. § 525: SEI QVES ESENT, QVEI SIBEI DEICERENT, S. C. de Bacch (twice). —Also with O, expressing a wish ( poet.):O si solitae quicquam virtutis adesset,
Verg. A. 11, 415;and without O: si mihi, quae quondam fuerat... si nunc foret illa juventus,
id. ib. 5, 398.—Perf.: SI INIVRIAM FAXIT ALTERI, VIGINTI QVINQVE AERIS POENAE SVNTO, Fragm. XII. Tabularum ap. Gell. 20, 1, 12: si jam data sit frux, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 724 P. (Ann. v. 412 Vahl.):(δ).perii, si me aspexerit!
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 164:victus sum, si dixeris,
id. ib. 1, 1, 272:Romani si casu intervenerint,
Caes. B. G. 7, 20, Cic. Rep. 3, 5, 8.—Pluperf.:c.si aliter accidisset,
Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:tum magis id diceres, si nuper in hortis Scipionis affuisses,
id. Lael. 7, 25:mansisset eadem voluntas in eorum posteris, si regum similitudo permansisset,
id. Rep. 1, 41, 64:si id fecisses,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 3; 2, 15, 38; 2, 36, 90:si quis in caelum ascendisset, etc.,
id. Lael. 23, 88:si aliquid de summā gravitate Pompeius remisisset,
id. Phil. 13, 1, 2.—Ellipt.(α).With pron. indef:(β).istae artes, si modo aliquid, valent, ut acuant ingenia,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:aut nemo, aut, si quisquam, ille sapiens fuit,
id. Lael. 2, 9; id. Or. 29, 103.—In a negation, usu. si minus, si contra (= sin minus, sin aliter):(γ).plures haec tulit una civitas, si minus sapientes, at certe summā laude dignos,
Cic. Rep. 3, 4, 7:educ tecum omnes tuos: si minus, quam plurimos,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 10; id. de Or. 2, 16, 68, in this sense less freq. si non:utrum cetera nomina digesta habes an non? Si non... si etiam,
id. Rosc. Com. 3, 9:si haec civitas est, civem esse me: si non, exsulem esse, etc.,
id. Fam. 7, 3, 5; Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 104 sq.; id. Ps. 3, 2, 87; id. Poen. 5, 2, 24; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 66; 1, 6, 68; Liv. 28, 29, 4:hic venit in judicium, si nihil aliud, saltem ut, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152; so, si nihil aliud, Liv 22, 29; 30, 35; 45, 37 fin., Curt. 4, 6, 28:si aliud nihil,
id. 2, 43.—With forte:2.intelleges esse nihil a me nisi orationis acerbitatem et, si forte, raro litterarum missarum indiligentiam reprehensam,
perhaps, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7; cf.:vereor, ne nihil sim tui, nisi supplosionem pedis imitatus et pauca quaedam verba et aliquem, si forte, motum,
id. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—With quod, and if, but if, if however, if:B.quod si in philosophiā tantum interest... quid tandem in causis existimandum est?
Cic. Or. 16, 51:quod si fuit in re publicā tempus ullum... tum profecto fuit,
id. Brut. 2, 7:quod si exemeris ex rerum naturā benevolentiae conjunctionem, nec domus ulla nec urbs stare poterit,
id. Lael. 7, 23; id. Rep. 3, 4, 7:quod si non hic tantus fructus ostenderetur et si ex his studiis delectatio sola peteretur: tamen, etc.,
id. Arch. 7, 16; id. Cat. 2, 5, 10; id. Rosc. Com. 18, 54.—In partic.1.In subject or object-clauses, si with subj. sometimes takes the place of an inf.:2.apud Graecos opprobrio fuit adulescentibus, si amatores non haberent,
Cic. Rep. 4, 3, 3: summa gloria constat ex tribus his;si diligit multitudo, si fidem habet, etc.,
id. Off. 2, 9, 31:unam esse spem salutis docent, si eruptione factā extremum auxilium experirentur,
Caes. B. G. 3, 5:illud ignoscere aequum erit, si... ne tuam quidem gloriam praeponam, etc.,
Liv. 28, 41, 1; Nep. Ages. 4, 3: infinitum est, si singulos velim persequi. Sen. Q. N. 5, 17, 5; id. Tranq. 16, 2 (cf. si after mirum est, I. a. fin. supra).—In subst. clauses, to denote a doubtful assumption or future event (cf. quod):3.dixerunt, in eo verti puellae salutem, si postero die vindex injuriae ad tempus praesto esset,
Liv. 3, 46:adjecerunt, Scipionem in eo positam habuisse spem pacis, si Hannibal et Mago ex Italiā non revocarentur,
id. 30, 23; 35, 18.—Si with a relative takes the place of a relative clause, to express a class the existence or extent of which is doubtful: mortem proposuit, non eis solum qui illam rem gesserunt, sed eis etiam si qui non moleste tulerunt, i. e. if such there were, whether few or many, Cic. Phil. 13, 18, 39; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 9:4.dixit errare, si qui in bello omnis secundos rerum proventus expectent,
Caes. B. G. 7, 29:errat, si quis existimat facilem rem esse donare,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 1; Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44; Liv. 42, 31.—In syllogistic reasonings:5.si oportet velle sapere, dare operam philosophiae convenit. Oportet autem velle sapere, etc.,
Cic. Inv. 1, 36, 65:si enim est verum, quod ita conectitur: si quis oriente Caniculā natus est, in mari non morietur, illud quoque verum est: si Fabius oriente Canicula natus est, Fabius in mari non morietur,
id. Fat. 6, 12.—= etiamsi, with foll. tamen, even if, although, albeit (class.):II.quae si exsequi nequirem, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 11, 38; cf.:quae si causa non esset, tamen, etc.,
id. Mur. 4, 8; and:quae si dubia essent, tamen, etc.,
Sall. J. 85, 48.—Transf., in dependent clauses expressing an interrogation or doubt, it is nearly = num, but forms a looser connection, if, whether, if perchance (class., but very rare in Cic.):B.ibo et visam huc ad eum, si forte est domi,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 5, 4; Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 7; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 118; cf. id. Phorm. 3, 3, 20:jam sciam, si quid titubatum est, ubi reliquias videro,
Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 33; cf. id. Merc. 1, 2, 44:fatis incerta feror, si Juppiter unam Esse velit urbem,
Verg. A. 4, 110; Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 52:primum ab iis quaesivit, si aquam hominibus in totidem dies, quot frumentum imposuissent,
Liv. 29, 25; 39, 50:id modo quaeritur, si (lex) majori parti et in summam prodest,
id. 34, 3; cf. id. 40, 49 fin.:jam dudum exspecto, si tuom officium scias,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 12:hanc (paludem) si nostri transirent, hostes exspectabant,
Caes. B. G. 2, 9; id. B. C. 2, 34; cf.:Pompeius eadem spectans, si itinere impeditos deprehendere posset,
id. ib. 3, 75:non recusavit quo minus vel extremo spiritu, si quam opem rei publicae ferre posset, experiretur,
Cic. Phil. 9, 1, 2; cf. id. de Or. 2, 85, 398:statui expectandum esse si quid certius adferretur,
id. Fam. 15, 1, 2:Philopoemen quaesivit si Lycortas incolumis evasisset,
Liv. 39, 50:expertique simul, si tela artusque sequantur,
Val. Fl. 5, 562:Helvetii nonnumquam interdiu, saepius noctu, si perrumpere possent, conati,
Caes. B. G. 1, 8 fin.; cf.:temptata res est, si primo impetu capi Ardea posset,
Liv. 1, 57.—With ellipsis of a verb or clause on which the condition depends (cf. I. c. supra): ei rei suam operam dat, si possiet illam invenire ( to see) whether he can, Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 37:B.L. Minucium cum omni equitatu praemittit, si quid celeritate itineris proficere possit,
to see, to try, Caes. B. G. 6, 29 fin.:circumfunduntur hostes, si quem aditum reperire possent,
id. ib. 6, 37:fame et inopiā adductos clam ex castris exisse, si quid frumenti in agris reperire possent,
id. ib. 7, 20, 10; cf. id. ib. 7, 55 fin.; 7, 89 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 8 fin.; 3, 56:pergit ad speluncam, si forte eo vestigia ferrent,
Liv. 1, 7:saxa volvebant, si quā Possent tectam aciem perrumpere,
Verg. A. 9, 512:ad Gonnum castra movet, si potiri oppido posset,
Liv. 42, 67, 6: haud aspernatus Tullius, tamen, si vana adferantur, in aciem educit ( that he might be ready) if, etc., id. 1, 23, 6:milites in praesidio erant, si quo operā eorum opus esset,
id. 27, 28, 5:alii offerunt se, si quo usus operae sit,
id. 26, 9, 9: ille postea, si comitia sua non fierent, urbi minari, i. e. ( that he would attack it) if, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3:Carthaginiensibus in Hasdrubale ita, si is movisset Syphacem, spes omnis erat,
Liv. 29, 35, 9; 5, 8, 9:consul aedem Fortunae vovit, si eo die hostis fudisset,
id. 29, 36, 8: erat Athenis reo damnato, si fraus capitalis non esset, quasi [p. 1690] poenae aestimatio, Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 232: quattuor legiones Cornelio, si qui ex Etruriā novi motus nuntiarentur, relictae, to meet the case, that, to be ready, if, etc., Liv. 6, 22:is in armis tenuit militem, si opus foret auxilio,
id. 5, 8:ut patricios indignatio, si cum his gerendus esset honos, deterreret,
id. 4, 6, 10; 1, 40, 2; 24, 36.—Si... si, for sive... sive, whether... or:si deus si dea es,
Cato, R. R. 139; cf.:hostiam si deo, si deae immolabant,
Gell. 2, 28, 3. -
14 si
sī (orig. and ante-class. form seī), conj. [from a pronominal stem = Gr. he; Sanscr. sva-, self; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 778; Curt. Gr. Etym. 396], a conditional particle, if.I.Prop.a.With indic.; so in gen., in conditions which are assumed to be true, with the verb in pres. or perf.; less freq. in imperf or pluperf.; and in conditions which may probably become true, with the verb in fut. or fut. perf. (Madv. Gram. § 332; Zumpt, Gram. § 517).(α).Pres.: SI IN IVS VOCAT, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 25, and ap. Porphyr. Hor. S. 1, 9, 65: SI MORBVS AEVITASVE VITIVM ESCIT... SI NOLET, etc., id. ap. Gell. l. l.: spero, si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):(β).si vis, dabo tibi testes,
Cic. Rep. 1, 37, 58:si voltis,
id. ib. 1, 28, 44:si placet,
id. ib. 2, 44, 71;1, 21, 34: si tuo commodo fleri potest,
id. ib. 1, 9, 14:si studia Graecorum vos tanto opere delectant,
id. ib. 1, 18, 30:si populus plurimum potest,
id. ib. 3, 14, 23:si Massilienses per delectos cives summā justitiā reguntur, inest tamen, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 27, 43; cf. id. Off. 3, 8, 35:quid est, Catilina, quod jam amplius exspectes, si nec privata domus continere voces conjurationis tuae potest? si illustrantur, si erumpunt omnia?
id. Cat. 1, 3, 6:si pudor quaeritur, si probitas, si fides, Mancinus haec attulit,
id. Rep. 3, 18, 28:Si quaerimus, cur, etc.,
id. Brut. 95, 325. —Strengthened by modo:magnifica quidem res, si modo est ulla,
Cic. Div. 1, 1, 1:deliget populus, si modo salvus esse vult, optimum quemque,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:quae (virtus) est una, si modo est, maxime munifica,
id. ib. 3, 8, 12; id. Tusc. 2, 4, 33; id. de Or. 2, 43, 182:si quisquam est facilis, hic est,
id. Att. 14, 1, 2:si ulla res est, quam tibi me petente faciendam putes, haec ea sit,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 11:SI AGNATVS NEC ESCIT, GENTILIS FAMILIAM NANCITOR, Fragm. XII. Tab. in Collat. Leg. Mos. et Rom. 16, 4: quae (libertas), si aequa non est, ne libertas quidem est,
Cic. Rep. 1, 31, 47; 1, 32, 49:id si minus intellegitur, ex dissensionibus percipi potest,
id. Lael. 7, 23: BACANALIA SEI QVA SVNT, EXSTRAD QVAM SEI QVID IBEI SACRI EST... FACIATIS VTEI DISMOTA SIENT, S. C. de Bacch. fin.:dicito, si quid vis, non nocebo,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 235:si qui sunt, qui philosophorum auctoritate moveantur,
Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:si quid generis istiusmodi me delectat, pictura delectat,
id. Fam. 7, 23, 3:si aliquid dandum est voluptati,
id. Sen. 13, 44;four times repeated,
id. ib. 11, 38.—So esp. after mirum est or miror, as expressing reality (= quod or cum; cf. Gr. ei):noli mirari, si hoc non impetras,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 29:ecquid mirum est, si tam ab amico animo pacem petit? Curt 4, 11, 4: miraris, si superbiam tuam ferre non possumus?
id. 8, 7, 14.—With a negative conclusion, to denote that, although the condition is true, or is conceded, a certain inference does not follow: nec, si omne enuntiatum aut verum aut falsum est, sequitur ilico esse causas, etc.,
Cic. Fat. 12, 28:nec. si non obstatur, propterea etiam permittitur,
id. Phil. 13, 6, 19:si veniam meretur qui inprudens nocuit, non meretur praemium qui inprudens profuit,
Quint. 5, 10, 73:nec ideo ignis minus urere potest, si in materiam incidit inviolabilem flammis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 5, 1.—Imperf.:(γ).ea si erant, magnas habebas omnibus, dis gratias,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 17; Cic. Rep. 1, 27, 43:si quis antea mirabatur, quid esset, quod, etc.,
id. Sest. 1.—Perf.:(δ).SI MEMBRVM RVPIT NI CVM EO PACIT TALIO ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Fest. s. v. talio, p. 363 Müll.: si animum contulisti in istam rationem, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 23, 37:si Roma condita est secundo anno Olympiadis septimae, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 10, 18:quos (tyrannos) si boni oppresserunt, recreatur civitas: sin audaces, fit illa factio,
id. ib. 1, 44, 68; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 65:si ita sensit, ut loquitur,
id. ib. 3, 21, 32;1, 27, 43: si modo hoc in Lycurgi potestate potuit esse,
id. ib. 2, 12, 24:si modo in philosophiā aliquid profecimus,
id. Off. 3, 8, 37: si quis eorum [p. 1689] (servorum) sub centone crepuit, nullum mihi vitium facit, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 sq. Müll.:si quid sceleste fecit,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 27:si quam opinionem jam vestris mentibus comprehendistis, etc.,
Cic. Clu. 2, 6:si quando regi justo vim populus attulit regnove eum spoliavit, etc.,
id. Rep. 1, 42, 65; cf. id. ib. 1, 38, 59; id. Lael. 7, 24.—After mirum est or miror, to express a reality (cf. a, supra):minime mirum, si ista res adhuc nostrā linguā inlustrata non est,
Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 55; id. Deiot. 4, 12:quid mirum, si haec invitus amisi?
Tac. A. 12, 37:miraris, si eo tempore matrona dicere potuit, escende?
Sen. Contr. 2, 13, 1:minime est mirandum, si vita ejus fuit secura,
Nep. Cim. 4, 4.—Very often followed by certe, profecto, etc., to express a conclusion, as certain as the unquestionable assumption:quod si fuit in re publicā tempus ullum, cum, etc., tum profecto fuit,
Cic. Brut. 2, 7:si quisquam fuit umquam remotus ab inani laude, ego profecto is sum,
id. Fam. 15, 4, 13:etenim si nulla fuit umquam tam imbecillo mulier animo, quae, etc., certe nos, etc.,
id. Fam. 5, 16, 6:si umquam in dicendo fuimus aliquid, tum profecto, etc.,
id. Att. 4, 2, 2; id. Mil. 2, 4; 7, 19.—Esp. with a negative conclusion (v. a fin. supra, and cf. quia, etsi):non, si tibi ante profuit, semper proderit,
Cic. Phil. 8, 4, 12:non, si Opimium defendisti, idcirco te isti bonum civem putabunt,
id. de Or. 2, 40, 170:neque enim, si tuae res gestae ceterorum laudibus obscuritatem attulerunt, idcirco Pompeii memoriam amisimus,
id. Deiot. 4, 12:nec, si capitis dolorem facit, inutilis hominibus sol est,
Quint. 5, 10, 82.—Pluperf.: si improbum Cresphontem existimaveras, etc., Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:(ε).nec mirum, eos si orationes turbaverant,
Liv. 32, 20, 2 (Trag. v. 156 Vahl.):si hoc ita fato datum erat, ut,
Liv. 30, 30, 3.—So esp. in indef. clauses of repeated action:plausum si quis eorum aliquando acceperat, ne quid peccasset pertimescebat,
whenever, Cic. Sest. 49, 105:si quando nostri navem religaverant, hostes succurrebant,
Caes. B. C. 2, 6:si quando suis fortunis forte desperare coeperant,
id. B. G. 3, 12.—Fut.: SI VOLET SVO VIVITO... SI VOLET PLVS DATO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; cf.: si voles advortere animum, comiter monstrabitur, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.); and:(ζ).alte spectare si voles, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 6, 23, 25:si jam eminebit foras,
id. ib. 6, 26, 29:si me audietis,
id. ib. 1, 19, 32:si mutuas non potero certum est sumam fenore,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 95:id persequar, si potero, subtilius,
Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 42; cf. in the foll. z:nihil (offendet) si modo opus exstabit,
id. ib. 5, 3, 5:si quid te volam, ubi eris?
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 96: si quod aliud oikeion reperies, Cic. Att. 1, 10, 3.—Fut. perf.: si te hic offendero, moriere, Enn. ap. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1 (Trag. v. 301 Vahl.):b.si nostram rem publicam vobis et nascentem et crescentem ostendero,
Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 3:tum magis assentiere, si ad majora pervenero,
id. ib. 1, 40, 62:expediri quae restant vix poterunt, si hoc incohatum reliqueris,
id. ib. 1, 35, 55;1, 24, 38: pergratum mihi feceris, si de amicitiā disputaris,
id. Lael. 4, 16:accommodabo ad eam (rem publicam), si potuero, omnem illam orationem, etc.... quod si tenere et consequi potuero, etc.,
id. Rep. 1, 46, 70; so,si potuero,
id. ib. 2, 30, 53; id. Brut. 5, 21:si potuerit,
id. Off. 3, 23, 89:si modo id exprimere Latine potuero,
id. Rep. 1, 43, 66:si modo interpretari potuero,
id. Leg. 2, 18, 45:si ne ei caput exoculassitis,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 26: si quid vos per laborem recte feceritis... Sed si quā per voluptatem nequiter feceritis, etc., Cato ap. Gell. 16, 1, 4:de iis te, si qui me forte locus admonuerit, commonebo,
Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—With subj.; so in gen. of conditions assumed in statement, but implied not to be actual; the verb in pres. (rarely perf.) implies that the condition is still possible; in the imperf. and pluperf., that it is known to be unreal (Madv. Gram. § 347 sqq.; Zumpt, Gram. § 524).(α).Pres.:(β).si habeat aurum,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 12:abire hinc nullo pacto possim, si velim,
id. ib. 2, 2, 2; so,si velim,
Cic. Rep. 3, 10, 17:cum ipsi auxilium ferre, si cupiant, non queant,
id. ib. 1, 5, 9:si singulos numeremus,
id. ib. 3, 4, 7: si jus suum populi teneant, id. ib. 1, 32, 48:si Scipionis desiderio me moveri negem,
id. Lael. 3, 10:si ad verba rem deflectere velimus,
id. Caecin. 18, 51:si quis varias gentes despicere possit, videat primum, etc.,
id. Rep. 3, 9, 14.—In expressing a wish ( poet. for utinam), usu. with O:O si angulus ille accedat, qui, etc.,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 8; 2, 6, 10:O mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos,
Verg. A. 8, 560;also alone: si nunc se nobis ille aureus arbore ramus Ostendat nemore in tanto!
would that, yet if, if however, id. ib. 6, 187:si quā fata aspera rumpas, Tu Marcellus eris,
id. ib. 6, 882; cf. b, infra.—Imperf.:(γ).qui si unus omnia consequi posset, nihil opus esset pluribus, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 52:quae descriptio si esset ignota vobis, explicaretur a me,
id. ib. 2, 22, 39:si ullum probarem simplex rei publicae genus,
id. ib. 2, 23, 43:quod non fecissent profecto, si nihil ad eos pertinere arbitrarentur,
id. Lael. 4, 13; cf. id. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 133; v. Zumpt, Gram. § 525: SEI QVES ESENT, QVEI SIBEI DEICERENT, S. C. de Bacch (twice). —Also with O, expressing a wish ( poet.):O si solitae quicquam virtutis adesset,
Verg. A. 11, 415;and without O: si mihi, quae quondam fuerat... si nunc foret illa juventus,
id. ib. 5, 398.—Perf.: SI INIVRIAM FAXIT ALTERI, VIGINTI QVINQVE AERIS POENAE SVNTO, Fragm. XII. Tabularum ap. Gell. 20, 1, 12: si jam data sit frux, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 724 P. (Ann. v. 412 Vahl.):(δ).perii, si me aspexerit!
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 164:victus sum, si dixeris,
id. ib. 1, 1, 272:Romani si casu intervenerint,
Caes. B. G. 7, 20, Cic. Rep. 3, 5, 8.—Pluperf.:c.si aliter accidisset,
Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:tum magis id diceres, si nuper in hortis Scipionis affuisses,
id. Lael. 7, 25:mansisset eadem voluntas in eorum posteris, si regum similitudo permansisset,
id. Rep. 1, 41, 64:si id fecisses,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 3; 2, 15, 38; 2, 36, 90:si quis in caelum ascendisset, etc.,
id. Lael. 23, 88:si aliquid de summā gravitate Pompeius remisisset,
id. Phil. 13, 1, 2.—Ellipt.(α).With pron. indef:(β).istae artes, si modo aliquid, valent, ut acuant ingenia,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:aut nemo, aut, si quisquam, ille sapiens fuit,
id. Lael. 2, 9; id. Or. 29, 103.—In a negation, usu. si minus, si contra (= sin minus, sin aliter):(γ).plures haec tulit una civitas, si minus sapientes, at certe summā laude dignos,
Cic. Rep. 3, 4, 7:educ tecum omnes tuos: si minus, quam plurimos,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 10; id. de Or. 2, 16, 68, in this sense less freq. si non:utrum cetera nomina digesta habes an non? Si non... si etiam,
id. Rosc. Com. 3, 9:si haec civitas est, civem esse me: si non, exsulem esse, etc.,
id. Fam. 7, 3, 5; Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 104 sq.; id. Ps. 3, 2, 87; id. Poen. 5, 2, 24; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 66; 1, 6, 68; Liv. 28, 29, 4:hic venit in judicium, si nihil aliud, saltem ut, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152; so, si nihil aliud, Liv 22, 29; 30, 35; 45, 37 fin., Curt. 4, 6, 28:si aliud nihil,
id. 2, 43.—With forte:2.intelleges esse nihil a me nisi orationis acerbitatem et, si forte, raro litterarum missarum indiligentiam reprehensam,
perhaps, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7; cf.:vereor, ne nihil sim tui, nisi supplosionem pedis imitatus et pauca quaedam verba et aliquem, si forte, motum,
id. de Or. 3, 12, 47.—With quod, and if, but if, if however, if:B.quod si in philosophiā tantum interest... quid tandem in causis existimandum est?
Cic. Or. 16, 51:quod si fuit in re publicā tempus ullum... tum profecto fuit,
id. Brut. 2, 7:quod si exemeris ex rerum naturā benevolentiae conjunctionem, nec domus ulla nec urbs stare poterit,
id. Lael. 7, 23; id. Rep. 3, 4, 7:quod si non hic tantus fructus ostenderetur et si ex his studiis delectatio sola peteretur: tamen, etc.,
id. Arch. 7, 16; id. Cat. 2, 5, 10; id. Rosc. Com. 18, 54.—In partic.1.In subject or object-clauses, si with subj. sometimes takes the place of an inf.:2.apud Graecos opprobrio fuit adulescentibus, si amatores non haberent,
Cic. Rep. 4, 3, 3: summa gloria constat ex tribus his;si diligit multitudo, si fidem habet, etc.,
id. Off. 2, 9, 31:unam esse spem salutis docent, si eruptione factā extremum auxilium experirentur,
Caes. B. G. 3, 5:illud ignoscere aequum erit, si... ne tuam quidem gloriam praeponam, etc.,
Liv. 28, 41, 1; Nep. Ages. 4, 3: infinitum est, si singulos velim persequi. Sen. Q. N. 5, 17, 5; id. Tranq. 16, 2 (cf. si after mirum est, I. a. fin. supra).—In subst. clauses, to denote a doubtful assumption or future event (cf. quod):3.dixerunt, in eo verti puellae salutem, si postero die vindex injuriae ad tempus praesto esset,
Liv. 3, 46:adjecerunt, Scipionem in eo positam habuisse spem pacis, si Hannibal et Mago ex Italiā non revocarentur,
id. 30, 23; 35, 18.—Si with a relative takes the place of a relative clause, to express a class the existence or extent of which is doubtful: mortem proposuit, non eis solum qui illam rem gesserunt, sed eis etiam si qui non moleste tulerunt, i. e. if such there were, whether few or many, Cic. Phil. 13, 18, 39; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 9:4.dixit errare, si qui in bello omnis secundos rerum proventus expectent,
Caes. B. G. 7, 29:errat, si quis existimat facilem rem esse donare,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 1; Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44; Liv. 42, 31.—In syllogistic reasonings:5.si oportet velle sapere, dare operam philosophiae convenit. Oportet autem velle sapere, etc.,
Cic. Inv. 1, 36, 65:si enim est verum, quod ita conectitur: si quis oriente Caniculā natus est, in mari non morietur, illud quoque verum est: si Fabius oriente Canicula natus est, Fabius in mari non morietur,
id. Fat. 6, 12.—= etiamsi, with foll. tamen, even if, although, albeit (class.):II.quae si exsequi nequirem, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 11, 38; cf.:quae si causa non esset, tamen, etc.,
id. Mur. 4, 8; and:quae si dubia essent, tamen, etc.,
Sall. J. 85, 48.—Transf., in dependent clauses expressing an interrogation or doubt, it is nearly = num, but forms a looser connection, if, whether, if perchance (class., but very rare in Cic.):B.ibo et visam huc ad eum, si forte est domi,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 5, 4; Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 7; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 118; cf. id. Phorm. 3, 3, 20:jam sciam, si quid titubatum est, ubi reliquias videro,
Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 33; cf. id. Merc. 1, 2, 44:fatis incerta feror, si Juppiter unam Esse velit urbem,
Verg. A. 4, 110; Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 52:primum ab iis quaesivit, si aquam hominibus in totidem dies, quot frumentum imposuissent,
Liv. 29, 25; 39, 50:id modo quaeritur, si (lex) majori parti et in summam prodest,
id. 34, 3; cf. id. 40, 49 fin.:jam dudum exspecto, si tuom officium scias,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 12:hanc (paludem) si nostri transirent, hostes exspectabant,
Caes. B. G. 2, 9; id. B. C. 2, 34; cf.:Pompeius eadem spectans, si itinere impeditos deprehendere posset,
id. ib. 3, 75:non recusavit quo minus vel extremo spiritu, si quam opem rei publicae ferre posset, experiretur,
Cic. Phil. 9, 1, 2; cf. id. de Or. 2, 85, 398:statui expectandum esse si quid certius adferretur,
id. Fam. 15, 1, 2:Philopoemen quaesivit si Lycortas incolumis evasisset,
Liv. 39, 50:expertique simul, si tela artusque sequantur,
Val. Fl. 5, 562:Helvetii nonnumquam interdiu, saepius noctu, si perrumpere possent, conati,
Caes. B. G. 1, 8 fin.; cf.:temptata res est, si primo impetu capi Ardea posset,
Liv. 1, 57.—With ellipsis of a verb or clause on which the condition depends (cf. I. c. supra): ei rei suam operam dat, si possiet illam invenire ( to see) whether he can, Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 37:B.L. Minucium cum omni equitatu praemittit, si quid celeritate itineris proficere possit,
to see, to try, Caes. B. G. 6, 29 fin.:circumfunduntur hostes, si quem aditum reperire possent,
id. ib. 6, 37:fame et inopiā adductos clam ex castris exisse, si quid frumenti in agris reperire possent,
id. ib. 7, 20, 10; cf. id. ib. 7, 55 fin.; 7, 89 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 8 fin.; 3, 56:pergit ad speluncam, si forte eo vestigia ferrent,
Liv. 1, 7:saxa volvebant, si quā Possent tectam aciem perrumpere,
Verg. A. 9, 512:ad Gonnum castra movet, si potiri oppido posset,
Liv. 42, 67, 6: haud aspernatus Tullius, tamen, si vana adferantur, in aciem educit ( that he might be ready) if, etc., id. 1, 23, 6:milites in praesidio erant, si quo operā eorum opus esset,
id. 27, 28, 5:alii offerunt se, si quo usus operae sit,
id. 26, 9, 9: ille postea, si comitia sua non fierent, urbi minari, i. e. ( that he would attack it) if, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3:Carthaginiensibus in Hasdrubale ita, si is movisset Syphacem, spes omnis erat,
Liv. 29, 35, 9; 5, 8, 9:consul aedem Fortunae vovit, si eo die hostis fudisset,
id. 29, 36, 8: erat Athenis reo damnato, si fraus capitalis non esset, quasi [p. 1690] poenae aestimatio, Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 232: quattuor legiones Cornelio, si qui ex Etruriā novi motus nuntiarentur, relictae, to meet the case, that, to be ready, if, etc., Liv. 6, 22:is in armis tenuit militem, si opus foret auxilio,
id. 5, 8:ut patricios indignatio, si cum his gerendus esset honos, deterreret,
id. 4, 6, 10; 1, 40, 2; 24, 36.—Si... si, for sive... sive, whether... or:si deus si dea es,
Cato, R. R. 139; cf.:hostiam si deo, si deae immolabant,
Gell. 2, 28, 3. -
15 accommodo
accommŏdo (adcommŏdo), āre, āvi, ātum, tr. [st1]1 [-] adapter, ajuster. - aliquid alicui rei accommodare: adapter qqch à qqch. - rem rei accomodare, Cic. Tim. 26: ajuster une chose à une autre. - sibi personam accommodare, Cic. Off. 1, 115: s'adapter un rôle, une personnalité. - umeris alas accommodare, Ov. M. 8, 209: ajuster des ailes aux épaules. - aliquid ad aliquam rem accommodare: adapter qqch à qqch. - sibi coronam ad caput accommodare, Cic. de Or. 2, 250: s'ajuster une couronne à la tête. --- cf. Plaut. Trin. 719. [st1]2 [-] accommoder, approprier, conformer à. - avec dat. accommodare orationem multitudinis auribus, Cic. de Or. 2, 159: approprier son éloquence aux oreilles de la foule. - naturae se accommodare, Sen. Ep. 17, 9: s'accommoder à la nature. - avec ad: accommodare ad virium imbecillitatem dicendi genus, Cic. Br. 202: adapter sa manière oratoire à la faiblesse de ses forces physiques. - ad aliquem exacuendum orationem suam accommodare, Cic. de Or. 1, 131: destiner ses paroles à aiguillonner qqn. - accommodare testes ad crimen, Cic. Verr. pr. 55: produire les témoins appropriés à un chef d'accusation. - accommodare aliquem ad sententiam, Cic. Fin. 1, 34: mettre qqn d'accord avec une maxime. - largitio ad facultates accommodanda est, Cic.: il faut proportionner ses libéralités à sa fortune. - accomodari in + acc.: s'adapter à, s'appliquer à. - in omnem eventum consilia accommodabantur, Liv. 40, 57, 8: le plan s'adaptait à toute éventualité. - cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 26 ; 2, 155 ; Div. 2, 111. - se accommodare: s'adapter, se conformer. - accommodare se dicenti, Quint.: conformer son attitude au discours de qqn. - ad hanc notionem nihil video quod potius accommodem, quam... Cic.: de cette notion je ne vois pas de meilleure conclusion à tirer que... - accommodare operam studiis, Quint, 1, 10, 15: consacrer son activité aux études, se consacrer aux études. - alicui accommodare de aliqua re, Cic. Fam. 13, 2: donner des accommodements à qqn à propos de qqch, se montrer accommodant à l'égard de qqn à propos de qqch. [st1]3 [-] employer, appliquer (son attention, ses soins...) - lapis dentifriciis accommodatur, Plin.: cette pierre est utilisée pour les dentifrices. - accommodare se ad rempublicam, Cic.: se consacrer aux affaires publiques. - accommodare operam fabulis, Quint.: s'occuper de sornettes. - accommodare se alicui assertorem, Suet.: se faire le défenseur de qqn. - accommodare animum negotio, Suet. Aug. 98: appliquer son esprit à une affaire. - accommodare operam studiis, Quint. 1, 10, 15: consacrer son activité aux études. - accommodare pecoribus curam, Quint. 1, 12, 7: donner ses soins aux troupeaux. [st1]4 [-] accorder; faire une concession, accorder des facilités. - alicui actionem accommodare, Dig. 39, 3, 22: accorder le droit d'instance à qqn. - fidem accommodare, Dig. 34, 9, 10: interposer sa parole. - accomodare tempus orandi, Cic.: donner tout le temps de plaider. - accomodare mendacium alicui, Cic.: obliger qqn par un mensonge. - accommodare alicui de habitatione, Cic. Fam. 13, 2: mettre un logement à la disposition de qqn.* * *accommŏdo (adcommŏdo), āre, āvi, ātum, tr. [st1]1 [-] adapter, ajuster. - aliquid alicui rei accommodare: adapter qqch à qqch. - rem rei accomodare, Cic. Tim. 26: ajuster une chose à une autre. - sibi personam accommodare, Cic. Off. 1, 115: s'adapter un rôle, une personnalité. - umeris alas accommodare, Ov. M. 8, 209: ajuster des ailes aux épaules. - aliquid ad aliquam rem accommodare: adapter qqch à qqch. - sibi coronam ad caput accommodare, Cic. de Or. 2, 250: s'ajuster une couronne à la tête. --- cf. Plaut. Trin. 719. [st1]2 [-] accommoder, approprier, conformer à. - avec dat. accommodare orationem multitudinis auribus, Cic. de Or. 2, 159: approprier son éloquence aux oreilles de la foule. - naturae se accommodare, Sen. Ep. 17, 9: s'accommoder à la nature. - avec ad: accommodare ad virium imbecillitatem dicendi genus, Cic. Br. 202: adapter sa manière oratoire à la faiblesse de ses forces physiques. - ad aliquem exacuendum orationem suam accommodare, Cic. de Or. 1, 131: destiner ses paroles à aiguillonner qqn. - accommodare testes ad crimen, Cic. Verr. pr. 55: produire les témoins appropriés à un chef d'accusation. - accommodare aliquem ad sententiam, Cic. Fin. 1, 34: mettre qqn d'accord avec une maxime. - largitio ad facultates accommodanda est, Cic.: il faut proportionner ses libéralités à sa fortune. - accomodari in + acc.: s'adapter à, s'appliquer à. - in omnem eventum consilia accommodabantur, Liv. 40, 57, 8: le plan s'adaptait à toute éventualité. - cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 26 ; 2, 155 ; Div. 2, 111. - se accommodare: s'adapter, se conformer. - accommodare se dicenti, Quint.: conformer son attitude au discours de qqn. - ad hanc notionem nihil video quod potius accommodem, quam... Cic.: de cette notion je ne vois pas de meilleure conclusion à tirer que... - accommodare operam studiis, Quint, 1, 10, 15: consacrer son activité aux études, se consacrer aux études. - alicui accommodare de aliqua re, Cic. Fam. 13, 2: donner des accommodements à qqn à propos de qqch, se montrer accommodant à l'égard de qqn à propos de qqch. [st1]3 [-] employer, appliquer (son attention, ses soins...) - lapis dentifriciis accommodatur, Plin.: cette pierre est utilisée pour les dentifrices. - accommodare se ad rempublicam, Cic.: se consacrer aux affaires publiques. - accommodare operam fabulis, Quint.: s'occuper de sornettes. - accommodare se alicui assertorem, Suet.: se faire le défenseur de qqn. - accommodare animum negotio, Suet. Aug. 98: appliquer son esprit à une affaire. - accommodare operam studiis, Quint. 1, 10, 15: consacrer son activité aux études. - accommodare pecoribus curam, Quint. 1, 12, 7: donner ses soins aux troupeaux. [st1]4 [-] accorder; faire une concession, accorder des facilités. - alicui actionem accommodare, Dig. 39, 3, 22: accorder le droit d'instance à qqn. - fidem accommodare, Dig. 34, 9, 10: interposer sa parole. - accomodare tempus orandi, Cic.: donner tout le temps de plaider. - accomodare mendacium alicui, Cic.: obliger qqn par un mensonge. - accommodare alicui de habitatione, Cic. Fam. 13, 2: mettre un logement à la disposition de qqn.* * *Accommodo, accommodas, pen. corr. accommodare, Ex ad, et commodo compositum. Approprier, Appliquer, Accommoder, Faire rapporter une chose à une autre, Adapter.\Ad rempub. et ad magnas res gerendas se accommodare. Cic. S'addonner, S'appliquer à gouverner la chose publique, et à, etc.\Accommodare animum literis. Suet. Quintil. Appliquer son esprit à l'estude, S'addonner à l'estude.\Iusiurandum ad alicuius rei testimonium. Cic. Jurer, Prester serment en tesmoignage.\Suum consilium ad consilium alterius. Cic. S'accorder à l'advis d'autruy. \ Coronam sibi ad caput accommodare. Cic. Se mettre bien proprement une couronne sur la teste.\Curam auribus. Quintil. Ouir diligemment.\Curam pecoribus et agris. Quintil. Appliquer son soing et sa solicitude à, etc.\Ensem lateri accommodare. Virg. Ceindre une espee à son costé comme il appartient.\Ferulas accommodare. Celsus. Esclisser un bras ou jambe rompue, Mettre et appliquer des esclisses ou atelles.\Intentionem accommodare. Plin. iunior. Attentivement faire quelque chose.\Illud si scissem, ad id meas literas accommodassem. Cic. J'eusse accommodé mes lettres à cela.\Mendacium suum alicui. Cic. Mentir pour faire plaisir à autruy, Luy prester un mensonge.\Operam studio literarum, et Accommodare curam literis. Quint. Mettre et employer sa peine et son labeur à l'estude.\Orationem auribus multitudinis. Cic. Attremper son parler selon la fantasie du commun.\Patientiam accommodare. Laisser faire. B.\Patientiam accommodare vtenti, vel vsurpanti. Souffrir et laisser jouyr. B.\Vt sumptus huius peregrinationis accommodet ad mercedes Argileti. Cic. Qu'il ne despende point plus à ce voyage que monte le revenu de la ferme, Qu'il taille et mesure la despense de ce voyage selon le revenu, etc.\Tempus alicui rei, et ad aliquam rem. Cic. Appliquer le temps. et l'employer.\Testes ad crimen. Cic. Amener et produire les tesmoings, et s'en servir à la preuve du crime.\Vocem veritati. Quintil. Accommoder sa voix et pronontiation à la nature de la chose dont on parle, Prononcer selon que requiert la matiere subjecte.\Accommodare et fingere se ad alicuius arbitrium et nutum. Cic. S'accommoder et desguiser selon, etc.\Accommodare aliquid in rem aliquam, vt In plures causas accommodare idem exordium. Cic. Faire servir et venir à propos.\Pyxinum eodem accommodatum est. Celsus. Est propre, utile, et convenable à cela mesme.\Accommodare alicui de habitatione. Cic. Luy bailler logis, Luy faire ce plaisir de luy prester ou trouver logis.\Accommodare alicui aedes ad nuptias. Cic. Prester sa maison pour faire nopces. -
16 assumptio
assumptio (adsumptio), ōnis, f. [st2]1 [-] action de prendre, de choisir, d'entreprendre. [st2]2 [-] action de se réserver, action de s'arroger, usurpation. [st2]3 [-] mineure (d'un syllogisme). [st2]4 [-] circonstance. [st2]5 [-] l'Assomption (de la sainte Vierge). - erit prima intentio, secunda assumptio, tertia conexio, Quint. 5, 14, 6: il y aura en premier lieu la majeure, en deuxième lieu la mineure et en troisième lieu la conclusion.* * *assumptio (adsumptio), ōnis, f. [st2]1 [-] action de prendre, de choisir, d'entreprendre. [st2]2 [-] action de se réserver, action de s'arroger, usurpation. [st2]3 [-] mineure (d'un syllogisme). [st2]4 [-] circonstance. [st2]5 [-] l'Assomption (de la sainte Vierge). - erit prima intentio, secunda assumptio, tertia conexio, Quint. 5, 14, 6: il y aura en premier lieu la majeure, en deuxième lieu la mineure et en troisième lieu la conclusion.* * *Assumptio, assumptionis, Verbale, f. g. Prinse.\Assumptione dignae artes. Cic. Dignes d'estre recueillies. -
17 cogo
cōgo, ĕre, cŏēgi, cŏactum [cum + ago; co + ago] - tr. - [st1]1 [-] pousser devant soi. - cogere equam, Dig.: chasser une cavale devant soi. - cogantur intro, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 15: faisons-les entrer. - vis ventorum in portum navim coegit, Cic.: la violence des vents poussa le vaisseau dans le port. [st1]2 [-] rassembler, réunir, recueillir, encaisser, percevoir. - cogere agmen: faire serrer la colonne, fermer la marche. - cogere ad militiam, Sall.: recruter pour le service militaire. - nubes coguntur, Lucr.: les nuages s'amoncellent. - cogi in senatum: être convoqué au sénat. - pecuniam cogere: faire rentrer de l’argent. [st1]3 [-] condenser, épaissir. - cogere lac in duritiam, Plin.: faire cailler le lait. - mella cogit hiems, Virg.: l'hiver épaissit le miel - stipem cogere, Cic.: demander l'aumône. - bona alicujus in fiscum cogere, Tac.: confisquer les biens de qqn. [st1]4 [-] resserrer, enfermer, réduire. - amnis iter cogit, Curt.: le fleuve resserre son lit. - cogere in compedes, Plaut.: mettre aux fers. - syllabam ex duabus in unam cogere, Quint.: contracter deux syllabes en une seule. - cogere verba in alternos pedes, Ov.: assujettir ses mots à la mesure du distique. - cogere censuram intra anni spatium, Liv.: réduire à un an la durée de la censure. - cogere iram ad salutarem modum, Sen.: renfermer la colère dans des limites où elle est salutaire. [st1]5 [-] contraindre, forcer, violenter. - si res cogat: si les circonstances l’exigeaient. - coactus: contraint, sous l’empire de la contrainte. - cogere aliquem ad faciendum: contraindre qqn à faire. - cogere ad depugnandum aliquem: forcer qqn à combattre. - cogere ad aliquid: forcer à qqch. - cogere ut: forcer à. - cogimur ut defendamus, Cic.: nous sommes forcés de défendre. - cogere + prop. inf.: forcer, obliger. - mori me coges, Virg.: tu me feras mourir. [st1]6 [-] conclure. - ratio ipsa coget + prop. inf.: la raison conclura d’elle-même que. - hoc cogere volebat falsas esse litteras, Cic.: il voulait conclure que la lettre était supposée. - ex quibus cogi potest, Cic.: d'où l'on peut tirer cette conclusion, que...* * *cōgo, ĕre, cŏēgi, cŏactum [cum + ago; co + ago] - tr. - [st1]1 [-] pousser devant soi. - cogere equam, Dig.: chasser une cavale devant soi. - cogantur intro, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 15: faisons-les entrer. - vis ventorum in portum navim coegit, Cic.: la violence des vents poussa le vaisseau dans le port. [st1]2 [-] rassembler, réunir, recueillir, encaisser, percevoir. - cogere agmen: faire serrer la colonne, fermer la marche. - cogere ad militiam, Sall.: recruter pour le service militaire. - nubes coguntur, Lucr.: les nuages s'amoncellent. - cogi in senatum: être convoqué au sénat. - pecuniam cogere: faire rentrer de l’argent. [st1]3 [-] condenser, épaissir. - cogere lac in duritiam, Plin.: faire cailler le lait. - mella cogit hiems, Virg.: l'hiver épaissit le miel - stipem cogere, Cic.: demander l'aumône. - bona alicujus in fiscum cogere, Tac.: confisquer les biens de qqn. [st1]4 [-] resserrer, enfermer, réduire. - amnis iter cogit, Curt.: le fleuve resserre son lit. - cogere in compedes, Plaut.: mettre aux fers. - syllabam ex duabus in unam cogere, Quint.: contracter deux syllabes en une seule. - cogere verba in alternos pedes, Ov.: assujettir ses mots à la mesure du distique. - cogere censuram intra anni spatium, Liv.: réduire à un an la durée de la censure. - cogere iram ad salutarem modum, Sen.: renfermer la colère dans des limites où elle est salutaire. [st1]5 [-] contraindre, forcer, violenter. - si res cogat: si les circonstances l’exigeaient. - coactus: contraint, sous l’empire de la contrainte. - cogere aliquem ad faciendum: contraindre qqn à faire. - cogere ad depugnandum aliquem: forcer qqn à combattre. - cogere ad aliquid: forcer à qqch. - cogere ut: forcer à. - cogimur ut defendamus, Cic.: nous sommes forcés de défendre. - cogere + prop. inf.: forcer, obliger. - mori me coges, Virg.: tu me feras mourir. [st1]6 [-] conclure. - ratio ipsa coget + prop. inf.: la raison conclura d’elle-même que. - hoc cogere volebat falsas esse litteras, Cic.: il voulait conclure que la lettre était supposée. - ex quibus cogi potest, Cic.: d'où l'on peut tirer cette conclusion, que...* * *Cogo, cogis, coegi, pen. prod. coactum, cogere. Terentius. Amasser, Assembler.\Cogere oues intro. Plaut. Les amasser en un troupeau, et les mener en la maison.\Consilium cogi de aliquo. Quintil. Quand le conseil s'assemble pour adviser sur le faict de quelcun.\Milites cogere. Caesar. Faire amas de gens de guerre.\Cogere Senatum. Cic. Assembler le senat.\Cogere ad verba. Propert. Assembler pour ouir une harangue, ou pour parlementer ensemble.\Cogere pecuniam a ciuitatibus statuarum nomine. Cic. Amasser et lever deniers sur les villes.\Stipendium cogere. Cic. Assembler deniers pour payer les souldars de guerre.\Cogere in ordinem. Plin. iunior. Ravaller et rabaisser une personne qui s'eslevoit trop.\Cogere. Terent. Contraindre.\In semihorae curriculum cogere. Cic. Restraindre et enserrer, Ne donner loisir que de demie heure.\In Senatum cogi. Cic. Estre contrainct d'aller au senat.\Cogi aliquo. Horat. Estre contrainct d'aller en quelque lieu.\Cogere in mollitiem lanae. Plin. Faire aussi mol que laine à force de batre.\Apes bis grauidos cogunt foetus. Virgil. Font deux fois du miel.\Verba cogere in pedes. Ouid. Composer des vers.\Cogere, Espessir. Virgil. Frigore mella cogit hyems.\Cogere lac in duritiam. Plin. Espessir, et faire dur.\Cogi in magnitudinem milii. Plin. S'amonceler et devenir à la grosseur d'un grain de millet.\Cogere cuneos. Virgil. Poulser dedens, Faire entrer à force.\Cogere. Cic. Conclure et inferer necessairement, et prouver par raisons et argumens invincibles.\Cogi in angustum. Terent. Estre enserré et empressé estroictement.\Coguntur carnes holosteo. Plin. Vulnera quoque conglutinat. nam et carnes coguntur, addita. Quand parmi plusieurs pieces de chair on mesle une herbe nommee holosteon, icelles pieces de chair se conglutinent, s'assemblent, s'attachent ensemble. -
18 collectio
collectio (conlectio), ōnis, f. [st2]1 [-] action de recueillir, réunion, amas, rassemblement, collection. [st2]2 [-] résumé, sommaire, récapitulation. [st2]3 [-] conclusion, argumentation, raisonnement, syllogisme. [st2]4 [-] dépôt d'humeurs, tumeur, abcès. [st2]5 [-] calcul. - collectio hominum, Cic.: levée de troupes. - alicui subtilissima collectione persuadere, Sen. Ep. 5, 8: persuader qqn par une argumentation très subtile. - collectio geometrica, Plin.: calcul géométrique.* * *collectio (conlectio), ōnis, f. [st2]1 [-] action de recueillir, réunion, amas, rassemblement, collection. [st2]2 [-] résumé, sommaire, récapitulation. [st2]3 [-] conclusion, argumentation, raisonnement, syllogisme. [st2]4 [-] dépôt d'humeurs, tumeur, abcès. [st2]5 [-] calcul. - collectio hominum, Cic.: levée de troupes. - alicui subtilissima collectione persuadere, Sen. Ep. 5, 8: persuader qqn par une argumentation très subtile. - collectio geometrica, Plin.: calcul géométrique.* * *Collectio, Verb. Cic. Collection, Amas, Cueillette, Cueillement, Queste.\Collectiones. Plin. Apostumes, Inflammations. -
19 concludo
conclūdo, ĕre, clūsi, clūsum - intr. - [st2]1 [-] enfermer, borner, fermer, boucher, enclore. [st2]2 [-] au fig. enfermer, resserrer, comprendre. [st2]3 [-] terminer, finir, achever, parfaire. [st2]4 [-] assujettir à l'harmonie, enfermer dans la mesure. [st2]5 [-] conclure, raisonner. - concludere de aliqua re: tirer une conclusion de qqch. - concludere sulco, Virg. En. 1, 425: entourer d'un sillon. - uno volumine vitam excellentium virorum concludere, Nep. Epam. 4: réunir les vies des grands hommes dans un seul volume.* * *conclūdo, ĕre, clūsi, clūsum - intr. - [st2]1 [-] enfermer, borner, fermer, boucher, enclore. [st2]2 [-] au fig. enfermer, resserrer, comprendre. [st2]3 [-] terminer, finir, achever, parfaire. [st2]4 [-] assujettir à l'harmonie, enfermer dans la mesure. [st2]5 [-] conclure, raisonner. - concludere de aliqua re: tirer une conclusion de qqch. - concludere sulco, Virg. En. 1, 425: entourer d'un sillon. - uno volumine vitam excellentium virorum concludere, Nep. Epam. 4: réunir les vies des grands hommes dans un seul volume.* * *Concludo, concludis, conclusi, conclusum, penul. prod. concludere, Enfermer, Enclorre, Emprisonner.\Concludar huc. Terent. Je seray enserré en ce lieu.\Concludere res multas in vnum diem. Terent. Assembler beaucoup de choses en un mesme jour.\Concludere aliquem in angustissimam formulam sponsionis. Cic. L'enserrer.\Cingitur atque concluditur ipse portus vrbe. Cic. Est enclos et environné ou enfermé.\Concludere, pro Obturare. Valer. Flac. Bouscher, Estouper.\Concludere, Finire. Cic. Achever, Finer, Conclure, Determiner.\Concludere multa vno fine. Cic. Enclorre plusieurs choses dedens mesmes limites.\Concludere epistolam. Cic. Y mettre la derniere clause.\Versum concludere. Horat. Parfaire, Achever.\Concluditur verbis interdicti, pro Comprehenditur. Cic. Est comprins. -
20 consecutio
consecutĭo, ōnis, f. [st2]1 [-] conséquence, suite, conclusion. [st2]2 [-] liaison des mots, construction correcte d'une phrase. [st2]3 [-] obtention, acquisition.* * *consecutĭo, ōnis, f. [st2]1 [-] conséquence, suite, conclusion. [st2]2 [-] liaison des mots, construction correcte d'une phrase. [st2]3 [-] obtention, acquisition.* * *Consecutio, Verbale a Consequor. Cicero. Suite, Ce qui s'ensuit d'une chose.\Consecutio verborum. Cic. La suite et bonne ordonnance.\Afferre consecutionem alicuius rei. Cic. Faire avoir, Apporter ou donner jouissance de la chose.
См. также в других словарях:
conclusion — [ kɔ̃klyzjɔ̃ ] n. f. • 1265; lat. conclusio, de concludere → conclure 1 ♦ Arrangement final (d une affaire). ⇒ règlement, solution, terminaison. Conclusion d un traité, d un mariage. 2 ♦ Log. Proposition dont la vérité résulte de la vérité d… … Encyclopédie Universelle
conclusion — con·clu·sion /kən klü zhən/ n 1: a judgment or opinion inferred from relevant facts our conclusion upon the present evidence Missouri v. Illinois, 200 U.S. 496 (1905) 2 a: a final summarizing (as of a closing argument) b: the last or closing part … Law dictionary
conclusion — CONCLUSION. s. fém. Fin d une affaire, d un discours. La conclusion d un traité, d une affaire. Il faut venir à la conclusion. La conclusion fut que... f♛/b] On dit familièrement, qu Un homme est ennemi de la conclusion, pour dire, qu Il est… … Dictionnaire de l'Académie Française 1798
conclusion of fact — conclusion of fact: a fact inferred to exist from other facts actually proved by evidence Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996. conclusion of fact n. A conclusion reached by … Law dictionary
Conclusion — Con*clu sion, n. [F., fr. L. conclusio. See {Conclude}.] 1. The last part of anything; close; termination; end. [1913 Webster] A fluorish of trumpets announced the conclusion of the contest. Prescott. [1913 Webster] 2. Final decision;… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Conclusion to the country — Conclusion Con*clu sion, n. [F., fr. L. conclusio. See {Conclude}.] 1. The last part of anything; close; termination; end. [1913 Webster] A fluorish of trumpets announced the conclusion of the contest. Prescott. [1913 Webster] 2. Final decision;… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Conclusion — may refer to: Logic Logical consequence Affirmative conclusion from a negative premise, a logical fallacy Music Conclusion (music), the end of a musical composition The Conclusion, an album by Bombshell Rocks Conclusion of an Age, an album by the … Wikipedia
conclusion of law — conclusion of law: the court s statement of the law applicable to a case in view of facts found to be true: the judgment required by law when applied to the facts – called also finding of law; Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster … Law dictionary
conclusion — UK US /kənˈkluːʒən/ noun ► [C] a decision or judgment that is made after careful thought: »The findings and conclusions of the report are simply guidelines, not rulings. reach/come to/draw a conclusion »Information is gathered into a profile and… … Financial and business terms
conclusión — sustantivo femenino 1. Acción y resultado de concluir o concluirse: La conclusión de la autopista facilita la comunicación entre las dos ciudades. La conclusión del presupuesto obliga a dejar las obras inacabadas. 2. Resolución o consecuencia a… … Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española
conclusion — Conclusion, Conclusio, Epilogus, Coronis. La conclusion d une oraison, Peroratio. Encore que je me taise, la conclusion mesme dit que, etc. Vt taceam, conclusio ipsa loquitur, nihil, etc. Pour conclusion, Summa illa sit. Conclusions courtes,… … Thresor de la langue françoyse
